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发表于 2003-5-2 17:45
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Nahum Tate,最了解Christmas Carol的“While Shepherds Watched”里的意思,并为这部歌剧所写了剧本。这不是一篇来自英国诗歌的特殊灵感,可是,Purcell证明了对方所赋予文字上的特殊能力。比如,在狄多的叙述中“Whence could so much virtue spring”,Purcell用装饰音来逼真地描述着“Storm”一词(几个音调在相同的音节)来想象着风暴给人的印象。与此对比来描述的单词是“Soft”,在几个小节线之后,使用叹息声来递减半音。
低音提琴唱段
《狄多和安妮亚斯》中两个最著名的咏叹调,“Ah! Belinda”和“When I am laid in earth”(Dido's Lament)都有低音提琴。一个低音部分总是不断地重复它自身,一会儿另一部分改变到了高音。Pachabel的卡农是另一个音乐作品有两个低音提琴的实例2。低音线不作改变;因此在音乐作品中可以很容易地使低音提琴不断重复。因为作曲家在整个时间里都使用相同的低音音调。Purcell重要地保持着人声与低音提琴交叠过程中的反复,以及低音提琴在同不断循环的各种和声之间的协调。
不和谐音
Purcell的作品使用的不协调音是非常英国化的。在当代的英国作曲家和Purcell的前辈们很可能更早地在他们的音乐中使用不和谐音,比如,他们的意大利对手。在《狄多和安妮亚斯》中最详细的不和谐音的例子便是出现在序曲的第一部分以及狄多的挽歌。在挽歌中,弦乐部分是非常的不和谐,来更进一步地举例说明狄多的极度痛苦。
注解:
1 The relative major is the one with the same number of sharps/flats as the tonic minor key. In the C minor example this would be E-flat major.
2 Pachabel's Canon is complicated by the fact that the parts above the bass line are in canon; what the first violin plays in one bar, the second violin plays, exactly the same, a few bars later.
附上详细名目一份
1. Overture
Act One: The Palace
2. (Belinda) - Shake the cloud from off your brow / (Chorus) - Banish sorrow
3. (Dido) - Ah! Belinda, I am prest with torment
4. (Belinda, Dido) - Grief increases by concealing / (Chorus) - When monarchs unite
5. (Dido, Belinda) - Whence could so much virtue spring
6. (Belinda, Second Woman, Chorus) - Fear no danger to ensue
7. (Belinda, Aeneas, Dido) - See your royal guest appears / (Chorus) - Cupid only throws the dart
8. (Aeneas, Dido) - If not for mine, for empire's sake
9. (Chorus) - To the hills and the vales / The Triumphing Dance
Act Two: Scene I: The Cave
10. Prelude for the Witches / (Sorceress, First witch, Chorus) - Wayward sisters
11. (Two witches, Sorceress, First witch, Chorus) - Ruin'd ere the set of sun?
12. (Two witches) - But ere we this perform
13. (Chorus in the manner of an echo) -In our deep vaulted cell / Echo Dance of the Furies
Scene II: The Grove
14. Ritornelle / (Belinda, Chorus) - Thanks to these lonesome vales
15. (Second woman) - Oft she visits this lone mountain
16. (Aeneas, Dido) - Behold, upon my bending spear / (Belinda, Chorus) Haste, haste to town
17. (Spirit, Aeneas) - Stay, Prince, and hear
18. Ritornelle
Act Three: Scene I: The Ships
19. Prelude / (Sailor, Chorus) - Come away, fellow sailors / The Sailor's Dance
20. (Sorceress, Witches) - See the flags and streamers curling
21. (Sorceress) - Our next motion / (Chorus) - Destruction's our delight
22. The Witches' Dance
Scene II: The Palace
23. (Dido, Belinda, Aeneas) - Your counsel all is urged in vain
24. (Dido) - But death, alas, I cannot shun / (Chorus) - Great minds against themselves conspire
25. (Dido) - Thy hand Belinda / When I am laid in earth
26. (Chorus) - With drooping wings ye Cupids come
Music for Plays & Masques
27. Overture (from Abdelazer, or The Moor's Revenge)
28. Rondeau (Abdelazer)
29. Air (Abdelazer)
30. Minuet (The Gordian Knot Unty'd)
31. Air (The Gordian Knot Unty'd)
32. Curtain Tune on a Ground (Timon of Athens)
33. Rondeau (The Fairy Queen)
34. Hornpipe (The Fairy Queen)
35. Overture (The Fairy Queen)
36. Dance for the Fairies (The Fairy Queen)
37. Chaconne (The Fairy Queen)
38. Hornpipe on a Ground (The Married Beau)
以上文字介绍来自BBC,Seraphin翻译,如需转载请经本人同意!
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